Adakah anda sering lupa? Kemungkinan kemampuan otak anda untuk mengingat sudah mulai menurun. Sebenarnya, lupa adalah proses permulaan mengingat sesuatu. Perlu anda ketahui, kemampuan daya ingat manusia umumnya terbahagi kepada tiga peringkat iaitu mengingat, merekam, dan mendapatkan kembali. Tapi, adakah daya ingatan boleh ditingkatkan ? Bagaimana caranya?
1. Sentiasa mengingati Allah
Yang paling penting ialah ingat Allah s.w.t. sentiasa dengan berzikir. Daya ingatan akan bertambah kukuh sekiranya tidak sesaat pun kita lupa kepadaNYA.
2. Mengamalkan puasa
Amalan berpuasa sunat juga baik kerana puasa juga boleh menajamkan minda.
3. Berdoa
Berdoalah kepada Allah s.w.t. agar anda diberikan kekuatan daya ingatan, hati yang tenang, dan minda yang cerdas.
4. Membaca dan menghafal Al-Quran
Sekiranya anda seorang Muslim, amalkan membaca Al-Quran walau sehelai muka surat setiap hari. Membaca Al-Quran dapat menerang jiwa, menenangkan perasaan dan menajamkan daya ingatan dengan lebih baik.
5. Relaksasi secara teratur
Salah satu cara yang paling efektif untuk meningkatkan ingatan adalah berusaha mengendorkan ketegangan seluruh otot tubuh sebelum mempelajari sesuatu yang baru. Mengikut kajian, relaksasi otot dapat mengurangkan kecemasan yang sering dirasakan seseorang ketika berusaha mempelajari hal baru.
6. Tidur nyenyak
Tidur malam yang nyenyak, sangat baik untuk ingatan anda. Penelitian menunjukkan, orang yang terbangun ketika sedang bermimpi tidak mampu mengolah memori dari hari sebelumnya. Jadi, ia mudah lupa.
7. Istirahat cukup
Istirahat yang cukup amat penting supaya otak berfungsi secara maksimum, otak memerlukankan istirahat untuk mengendapkan dan mengkonsolidasikan ingatan. Istirahat yang diperlukankan otak bervariasi, bergantung pada kerumitan dan kebaruan informasi, serta pengalaman orang yang bersangkutan. Cara yang baik adalah memberi waktu istirahat otak 3 hingga 10 minit setelah otak beraktiviti selama 10 hingga 50 minit.
8. Kembangkan sikap mental positif
Gantilah setiap sikap mental negatif atau kritik terhadap diri sendiri menjadi sikap yang positif, kerana hal itu akan menimbulkan rasa keyakinan diri yang berpengaruh positif terhadap daya ingat.
9. Fokus
Daya ingatan dapat dilancarkan sekiranya anda sering fokus dalam sesuatu, contohnya matlamat hidup. Anda juga dapat belajar fokus dengan menumpukan fikiran anda pada sesuatu perkara dan mencatatkan apa yang anda fikirkan. Fokuskanlah segenap perhatian terhadap hal-hal yang penting di dalam memori anda bila anda sedang beristirahat dan rileks. Kalau anda mencuba mengingat sesuatu pada saat anda sedang lelah, maka besar kemungkinan anda akan kecewa.
10. Libatkan emosi
Peningkatan ingatan tentang suatu kejadian terkait erat dengan peningkatan emosi. Pengalaman yang melibatkan emosi akan lebih mudah diingat daripada pengalaman biasa.
11. Kembangkan ketajaman indera
Cubalah praktikkan ketrampilan pengamatan dan belajar memperhatikan sesuatu dengan menggunakan seluruh indera kita terutamanya penglihatan dan pendengaran. Jika ingin mengingat sesuatu, berhentilah sejenak, perhatikan dan catat apa yang ingin kita lihat dan dengar.
12. Berbicara sendiri
Kita juga boleh berbicara sendiri tentang sesuatu yang kita rencanakan. Misalnya, “Saya harus membeli susu dalam perjalanan pulang nanti.” Juga tentang sesuatu yang telah kita lakukan. Misalnya, “Saya telah mengunci pintu.” Mungkin kedengarannya agak pelik, tapi terbukti sangat efektif. Di sini telinga kita menguatkan ingatan kita. Tapi ingat, mengucapkannya tidak perlu secara kuat supaya tidak menimbulkan pertanyaan di benak orang.
13. Menata fikiran
Membentuk urutan informasi (mengelompokkan informasi) akan membuat sesuatu lebih mudah diingat. Ini juga akan mempermudah otak untuk mengingat kembali apa yang telah dipelajari dan diketahui.
14. Bayangkan dan kaitkan
Jika anda sulit mengingat nama, cubalah membayangkan. Kaitkan nama orang dengan suatu idea, simbol, orang, benda atau perbuatan, kemudian buat gambaran mental benda itu. Untuk mengingat nama Neil, misalnya, bayangkan orang yang sedang mengail. Pembentukan irama juga dapat memperkuat hubungan. Jika Larry memilki janggut, cubalah mengingatnya sebagai “Hairy Larry.”
15. Peta minda
Peta minda merupakan kaedah yang berkesan untuk mendapatkan unuk mendapatkan maklumat daripda ingatan untuk ditukarkan menjadi bentuk yang boleh dilihat. Ada juga yang mengatakan bahawa penggunaan peta minda akan menambahkan perseimbangan otak kiri dan otak kanan kerana prta minda merangkumi semua aspek bahasa, analitis, reka bentuk, matematik, deria, dan sebagainya dalam usaha keseluruhan.
16. Katakan berulang kali
Untuk meningkat ingatan anda tentang sesuatu maklumat atau tarikh, katakan dengan kuat dan berulang kali sehingga anda benar-benar ingat akan maklumat tersebut. Bila kita membaca sesuatu, yang dapat kita ingat hanya sekitar 20%. Dengan mengulangi pembacaan keesokan harinya, lalu minggu berikutnya, sebagian besar informasi yang kita baca akan kita ingat.
17. Mendengar muzik klasik
Menurut Dr. Frances Ranscher dan Dr. Gordon Show, peneliti dari Universiti California, AS, orang yang sering mendengarkan muzik klasik akan mengalami peningkatan kemampuan penalaran. Menurut penulis The Mozart Effect, Don Campbell, mendengarkan muzik klasik juga akan membantu ingatan dan pembelajaran.
FAKTOR YANG MELEMAHKAN MINDA/DAYA INGAT
Antara penyebabnya :
· Makan kepala ikan.
· Organ dalaman binatang seperti hati, limpa, jantung, perut dan yang seumpamanya melainkan atas nasihat doktor untuk keperluan kesihatan.
· Makan makanan yang tercemar oleh semut kerana semut dipercayai mengandungi sejenis kimia yang menyebabkan daya ingatan menjadi lemah.
· Makan makanan ringan dan makanan segera.
· Makan berlebihan , makanan yang terlalu berlemak dan kandungan gula tinggi
· Makan bawang mentah
· Makan makanan atau buah yang masam secara kerap ( jeruk, asam )
· Pengambilan kafein yang terlalu banyak ( kopi, nestcafe )
· Minum antara suapan makan , maksudnya jangan minum sebelum anda selesai makan.
· Minum minuman bergas dan beralkohol
· Merokok
· Kepala terdedah kepada panas terik cahaya matahari antara pukul 10.00 pagi sehingga pukul 4.00 petang.
· Tidur pada waktu asar
· Kurang tidur
· Tidur pada tengkuk ( belakang kepala )
· Fikiran runsing, stress dan hati sedih
· Melakukan maksiat dan dosa
· Tekanan darah tinggi
MAKANAN YANG BAIK UNTUK OTAK
Untuk menguatkan daya ingatan,dengan rahmat dan kasih sayang Allah s.w.t. , kita dikurniakan makanan yang baik dan dapat meningkatkan kekuatan otak dan sistem saraf kita. Banyak kajian yang menyatakan, pemilihan makanan yang tepat dapat meningkatkan kekuatan otak sehingga 50%. Diantara jenis makanan yang boleh meningkatkan fungsi ingatan adalah: -
· Buah – buahan ( anggur hitam, kurma, buah delima, blue berry )
· Sayur – sayuran ( lobak merah, halia )
· Ulam – ulaman ( pegaga, daun sadri, kemangi )
· Tumbuhan herba ( ginkgo biloba )
· Bijirin dan kekacang ( badam, walnut, kacang soya, kacang a’das, biji labu, kismis, habbatus sauda )
· Roti
· Air ( air mineral, air zam zam, madu, susu, air soya, kopi )
· Minyak ( minyak ikan, minyak zaitun, minyak rosemary, minyak sage )
· Ikan tuna
· Telur ayam
· Daging ayam
· Vitamin B ( Thiamine (B1), Niacin (B3), Pyridoxine (B6), Complex (B12) )
Senin, 30 Mei 2011
Minggu, 29 Mei 2011
kota terkotor
1. Kabwe, Zambia
For 92 years, the lead and copper mines outside Kabwe, Zambia, ran with little or no environmental protections. It’s been more than a decade since the smelters shut down, and the lead level found in the average child, who bathes in a lead-contaminated stream and is constantly exposed to contaminated soil, is still five to 10 times the maximum allowed by the U.S. EPA. In many cases, children carry almost fatal levels of contamination. So far, the World Bank has provided $40 million to help relocate some neighborhoods in Kabwe, and several other international and local groups are implementing extensive programs to teach residents about lead poisoning.
2. Norilsk, Russia
According to a study of the world’s most polluted places by environmental think tank the Blacksmith Institute, Norilsk, Russia—home to 134,000 residents and the world’s largest heavy-metal-smelting firm, Norilsk Nickel—makes the top 10. Norilsk’s Soviet-era plant spews tons of heavy metals like nickel and cobalt into the air, leading to severe respiratory and throat diseases in children and a life expectancy 10 years below the Russian average for plant workers. But the company says it’s taking measures to clean things up, investing in technology to sequester heavy-metal dust, and says it plans to move the smelter outside the city limits in the near future.
3.Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Pittsburgh recently wrested the title of America’s most polluted city from Los Angeles—at least when it comes to short-term particle pollution like soot, aerosols, heavy metals and exhaust. But the city of 335,000, which has transitioned from an industrial town to one of the country’s most livable cities, may not be to blame for its bad air. According to some research, much of Pittsburgh’s pollution is blown in from factories and power plants in Ohio.
4.Mexico City, Mexico
Mexico City is a natural pollution trap. Surrounded by mountains on three sides and located 7,400 feet above sea level, the soot and exhaust from the city’s four million mostly high-polluting cars gets trapped in a cloud over the city, which experiences 300 days a year of exceedingly high ozone levels. To fix things, the city has begun a pilot project retrofitting 25 diesel buses with particulate filters. Now, if it could only retrofit the other 2,975 buses . . .
5.Dakar, Senegal
Dakar is West Africa’s cosmopolitan hub, but just a stone’s throw from the city is an environmental catastrophe. The Baie de Hanne, which provides drinking and household water to two million people, contains levels of fecal streptococci more than 17 times World Health Organization standards, as well as a stew of heavy metals and tannery waste. The Blacksmith Institute is currently working with the World Bank to implement an international cleanup effort.
6.Sumgayit, Azerbaijan
Sumgayit used to be the New Jersey of the Soviet Union—the town was the nation’s center of chemical and pesticide production. Today, it is still feeling the aftereffects of years of untreated, mercury-contaminated waste dumped directly into streams feeding the Caspian Sea. Cancer rates in the city of 275,000 are sky-high. The World Bank has stepped into the city, which was declared an environmental disaster area, and is helping to clean up old plant sites.
7.Linfen, China
This city of more than four million is in the heart of Shanxi, China’s coal-production hub, and has frequently been deemed the most polluted city in the world; citizens suffer from choking clouds of coal dust as well as drinking water polluted with arsenic. But Linfen is not the only city in the country with environmental woes—the World Bank estimates that 16 of the world’s 20 most polluted cities are found in China’s industrial areas.
8.La Oroya, Peru
For 85 years, the citizens of La Oroya have been smelting lead, copper and zinc. Now 99 percent of the town’s children harbor levels of toxic lead that exceed acceptable limits. Acid rain has destroyed most of the surrounding vegetation, turning the region into a wasteland. So far, the Peruvian government has put the city of 35,000 on a list for environmental remediation, but activists are attempting to pressure the smelter’s owner, the Doe Run company of Missouri, to step in and begin a serious cleanup.
9.Cubatao Valley, Brazil
The Cubatao Valley, a region home to more than two million people, is Brazil’s industrial and chemical heart. The Cubatao River, the area’s main water source, is clogged with 1.5 million tons of raw sewage per year and more than 10,000 kilograms of toxic industrial waste per month. A study in 1980 showed that over a third of residents had tuberculosis, pneumonia, emphysema and other respiratory diseases. Since 2000, Brazil’s new water agency has made a concerted effort to clean up the Cubatao region, investing some $1.1 billion to improve the Tiete River, another major waterway in the valley.
10.Milan, Italy
Ah, Milan, home to great shoes, high fashion and more pm10s—small pollution particles that can cause cancer and breathing problems—than any other city in Europe. In fact, according to a study by Italian environmental group Legambiente, Milan has more smog than any other city in Europe and the continent’s second-highest level of ozone. Most of the problem comes from the city’s love of driving, but that’s changing quickly: Congestion pricing in downtown Milan implemented in January has dropped traffic by 26 percent and, residents hope, will lead to drops in smog as well.
For 92 years, the lead and copper mines outside Kabwe, Zambia, ran with little or no environmental protections. It’s been more than a decade since the smelters shut down, and the lead level found in the average child, who bathes in a lead-contaminated stream and is constantly exposed to contaminated soil, is still five to 10 times the maximum allowed by the U.S. EPA. In many cases, children carry almost fatal levels of contamination. So far, the World Bank has provided $40 million to help relocate some neighborhoods in Kabwe, and several other international and local groups are implementing extensive programs to teach residents about lead poisoning.
2. Norilsk, Russia
According to a study of the world’s most polluted places by environmental think tank the Blacksmith Institute, Norilsk, Russia—home to 134,000 residents and the world’s largest heavy-metal-smelting firm, Norilsk Nickel—makes the top 10. Norilsk’s Soviet-era plant spews tons of heavy metals like nickel and cobalt into the air, leading to severe respiratory and throat diseases in children and a life expectancy 10 years below the Russian average for plant workers. But the company says it’s taking measures to clean things up, investing in technology to sequester heavy-metal dust, and says it plans to move the smelter outside the city limits in the near future.
3.Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Pittsburgh recently wrested the title of America’s most polluted city from Los Angeles—at least when it comes to short-term particle pollution like soot, aerosols, heavy metals and exhaust. But the city of 335,000, which has transitioned from an industrial town to one of the country’s most livable cities, may not be to blame for its bad air. According to some research, much of Pittsburgh’s pollution is blown in from factories and power plants in Ohio.
4.Mexico City, Mexico
Mexico City is a natural pollution trap. Surrounded by mountains on three sides and located 7,400 feet above sea level, the soot and exhaust from the city’s four million mostly high-polluting cars gets trapped in a cloud over the city, which experiences 300 days a year of exceedingly high ozone levels. To fix things, the city has begun a pilot project retrofitting 25 diesel buses with particulate filters. Now, if it could only retrofit the other 2,975 buses . . .
5.Dakar, Senegal
Dakar is West Africa’s cosmopolitan hub, but just a stone’s throw from the city is an environmental catastrophe. The Baie de Hanne, which provides drinking and household water to two million people, contains levels of fecal streptococci more than 17 times World Health Organization standards, as well as a stew of heavy metals and tannery waste. The Blacksmith Institute is currently working with the World Bank to implement an international cleanup effort.
6.Sumgayit, Azerbaijan
Sumgayit used to be the New Jersey of the Soviet Union—the town was the nation’s center of chemical and pesticide production. Today, it is still feeling the aftereffects of years of untreated, mercury-contaminated waste dumped directly into streams feeding the Caspian Sea. Cancer rates in the city of 275,000 are sky-high. The World Bank has stepped into the city, which was declared an environmental disaster area, and is helping to clean up old plant sites.
7.Linfen, China
This city of more than four million is in the heart of Shanxi, China’s coal-production hub, and has frequently been deemed the most polluted city in the world; citizens suffer from choking clouds of coal dust as well as drinking water polluted with arsenic. But Linfen is not the only city in the country with environmental woes—the World Bank estimates that 16 of the world’s 20 most polluted cities are found in China’s industrial areas.
8.La Oroya, Peru
For 85 years, the citizens of La Oroya have been smelting lead, copper and zinc. Now 99 percent of the town’s children harbor levels of toxic lead that exceed acceptable limits. Acid rain has destroyed most of the surrounding vegetation, turning the region into a wasteland. So far, the Peruvian government has put the city of 35,000 on a list for environmental remediation, but activists are attempting to pressure the smelter’s owner, the Doe Run company of Missouri, to step in and begin a serious cleanup.
9.Cubatao Valley, Brazil
The Cubatao Valley, a region home to more than two million people, is Brazil’s industrial and chemical heart. The Cubatao River, the area’s main water source, is clogged with 1.5 million tons of raw sewage per year and more than 10,000 kilograms of toxic industrial waste per month. A study in 1980 showed that over a third of residents had tuberculosis, pneumonia, emphysema and other respiratory diseases. Since 2000, Brazil’s new water agency has made a concerted effort to clean up the Cubatao region, investing some $1.1 billion to improve the Tiete River, another major waterway in the valley.
10.Milan, Italy
Ah, Milan, home to great shoes, high fashion and more pm10s—small pollution particles that can cause cancer and breathing problems—than any other city in Europe. In fact, according to a study by Italian environmental group Legambiente, Milan has more smog than any other city in Europe and the continent’s second-highest level of ozone. Most of the problem comes from the city’s love of driving, but that’s changing quickly: Congestion pricing in downtown Milan implemented in January has dropped traffic by 26 percent and, residents hope, will lead to drops in smog as well.
Selasa, 17 Mei 2011
7 fakta tentang Justin Bieber
#bieberfact :
1.justin pernah ciuman sama selena gomez selama 15 menit ....
hahaha selena gak doer tuh bibir loeee
2.waktu kecil Justin pernah pake baju gambar lilin terus dia teriak teriak ke cewe cewe sambil bilang tiup aku tiup aku . hahahah
3.justin suka banget sama sepatu supra baju warna ungu topi ungu pokoknya serba ungu
4. ternyata dia itu bukan illuminati yang telah di gossipkan selama ini dia pernah nulis di akun twitternya kalau dia kristen asli dan aku selalu berdoa
5.justin bieber = I love my fans
6.justin sayang kedua adiknya jaxon dan jazzmyn
7.Justin orangnya mulia .
1.justin pernah ciuman sama selena gomez selama 15 menit ....
hahaha selena gak doer tuh bibir loeee
2.waktu kecil Justin pernah pake baju gambar lilin terus dia teriak teriak ke cewe cewe sambil bilang tiup aku tiup aku . hahahah
3.justin suka banget sama sepatu supra baju warna ungu topi ungu pokoknya serba ungu
4. ternyata dia itu bukan illuminati yang telah di gossipkan selama ini dia pernah nulis di akun twitternya kalau dia kristen asli dan aku selalu berdoa
5.justin bieber = I love my fans
6.justin sayang kedua adiknya jaxon dan jazzmyn
7.Justin orangnya mulia .
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